For many years now well meaning and loving Christian friends and family have warned us against our “doing Jewish things” or “going back under the bondage of the LAW”. Many have quoted Paul’s epistle to the Galatians as their proof text that if you are a follower of Messiah you should “not follow any Jewish laws or customs”. This has always concerned me. I will not at this time go into the details of how we, speaking of my husband, children and myself, came to understand the Hebrew roots of our faith and began to live our lives in accordance with the Instructions for Righteousness (2Tim 3:16 speaks of ) also known as the LAW or Torah of YHVH. But what I would like to do here is to give my understanding of Paul’s words and show that they do indeed support and back up our lifestyle and the method in which we follow our Messiah.
First I must give some background and we must come to an agreement on a few issues. We must agree that God/YHVH does not change. Malachi 3:6, Psalm 110:4 We must agree that HE is the author and source of all Scripture- Old Testament/Torah and New Testament/Apostolic Scriptures, 2 Tim 3:16. We must also agree to read Scripture in its original context and not to add or remove anything from it, Deut 12:32. We can not overlay our current theology upon words that were spoken/written at a time where those doctrines were not in use.
With that said let us appreciate the setting in which the letter to the Galatians was written and to whom it was written. This letter was one of the first that Paul wrote. Who was Paul anyway? He was a Pharisee who was commissioned directly by Messiah, after His resurrection, to be his emissary to the Gentiles, By Paul’s own words in Acts he never stopped being an observant Jew, Acts 21:39. He was fully a Jew same as his master,Yeshua, was fully a Jew and continued to be His whole life. Almost all of the first disciples and all of the apostles were Jewish. They never found anything in the teachings of Messiah or Paul to direct them to abandon their faith in the God of Israel and the obedience to His Instructions/Torah. But Paul was bringing the Gospel to the Gentiles. These were men and women who had already turned to or were at least interested in the God of Israel when they heard the message of Paul. They were Gentiles not Jews. But they were very familiar with the prophesies of Messiah and thus received Paul’s message about Yeshua with joy. So this congregation in Galatia was Gentile and Paul was telling them that their coming to Messiah gave them access to the Family of God with out having to undergo ritual conversion to become Jewish. This was good news indeed!
One thing we must also discuss is the relationship between the Gentile and Jewish believers in Messiah. Well before we do that we must look at the general behavior of Jews towards Gentiles long before Messiah came. At one point in time the Jewish leaders came up with 18 measures concerning Gentiles and how Jews were to behave concerning them. If a Gentile wanted to become a part of the covenant community and become Jewish they had to undergo ritual conversion. Part of this ritual conversion was circumcision and immersion. They believed that when a man or woman came up out of the water that they became genetically different, literally a natural born Jew. A very serious result of the 18 measures was the Soreg, the dividing partition in the Temple courts (Eph 2:14) that kept Gentiles from approaching YHVH to worship. Part of these 18 measures is the instructions against eating and being in the home of a Gentile. We see this addressed in Peters vision and interpretation in Acts ch10:13-16 & 28. The law that Peter is referring to is in the 18 measures not in the Torah of YHVH. We must understand how deep these measures were ingrained into the lives of the Jews of Paul’s day.
Another thing we should do is to define a few phrases Paul uses and explain where they came from.
Circumcision These are the Jewish believers who were trying to convince the Gentiles to undergo ritual conversion.
Uncircumcision These are the Gentile believers who were uncircumcised.
Works of the law A phrase of Paul’s that comes from Essene writings referring to the oral laws and the 18 measures.
Under the Law Referring to having undergone ritual conversion to become Jewish and gain righteousness apart from Messiah. Also referred to as the Oral law or Traditions of men
With that said let us begin to look at Paul’s words in his letter to the believers in Galatia. Right off the bat he reprimands them. He says that they have abandoned the Gospel and have turned to another gospel. What was the Gospel that Paul preached? Thru faith in Messiah Gentiles are grafted into the Family of God. This was not a new idea. A quick reading of Exodus will show that Gentiles, strangers and foreigners at the gates, have always been included in the covenant community as long as they follow the instruction of YHVH. But over the years Gentiles caused a lot of trouble with the House of Jacob. Naturally Jews became cautious and restrictive when they should had been a light to the nations around them.
Paul preached that Jew and Gentile are equal in the sight of Messiah. So what was this “other gospel” that they were following after? They had heard some “good news” that was not good news at all. Other Jewish followers of Messiah were telling the Gentiles that they needed to undergo ritual conversion and thus become Jews to be fully a part of the covenant community. This was contrary to what Paul had taught them, contrary to what Yeshua taught. This was the big deal and it was a big deal. The Galatian believers were being drawn away from the liberty they had in Messiah. By undergoing ritual conversion they would be negating the work of Messiah.
Here I must explain something. As a follower of Messiah we are called, by HIM, to follow and live as HE lived. It was not a random thing that Messiah was born of the tribe of Judah. Israel was, is and will always be the Creator’s chosen instrument to bring HIS glory to the nations of this planet. His instructions that HE gave to Moses at Mt Sinai are the protocols of approach and how we are to live as the Bride. Messiah followed His Fathers instructions perfectly for HE was the living Torah/WORD of YHVH. There was never any question in any of the minds of the followers of Messiah that they should not keep the Torah. And they did. All thru the book of Acts we see incident after incident of Paul, Peter, James and John’s observance and respect for the Torah of YHVH.
So let’s get back to the Galatians. When you read it in this historical context we see that Paul is admonishing the believers in Galatia to remain as they are; to keep following Messiah in spirit and truth.
(Words in italics are not original text)
Paul’s letter to the Galatians
1 Paul, an apostle—not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead— 2 and all the brothers who are with me, Paul is reminding them that he did not receive this message from a man but from Yeshua himself.
To the churches of Galatia:
3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father, 5 to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.
6 I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting him who called you in the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel— 7 not that there is another one, but there are some who trouble you and want to distort the gospel of Christ. How was this a distortion of the Gospel? That you must undergo ritual conversion to fully be a part of the covenant community-Isreal and thus be saved. 8 But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed. 9 As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, let him be accursed. The gospel they received was faith in Yeshua alone and obedience to HIS commands.
10 For am I now seeking the approval of man, or of God? Or am I trying to please man? If I were still trying to please man, I would not be a servant of Christ. A servant is one who obeys his Master. Our Master is Yeshua and His Father Yahweh.
11 For I would have you know, brothers, that the gospel that was preached by me is not man’s gospel. 12 For I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it, but I received it through a revelation of Jesus Christ. 13 For you have heard of my former life His persecution of the believers in Judaism, how I persecuted the church of God violently and tried to destroy it. 14 And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people, so extremely zealous was I for the traditions of my fathers. He was a very learned man. He knew and probably had memorized all of Torah as well as the Oral law and its traditions. 15 But when he who had set me apart before I was born, and who called me by his grace, 16 was pleased to reveal his Son to me, in order that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not immediately consult with anyone; 17 nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia, and returned again to Damascus.
18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas and remained with him fifteen days. 19 But I saw none of the other apostles except James the Lord’s brother. 20 (In what I am writing to you, before God, I do not lie!) 21 Then I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 22 And I was still unknown in person to the churches of Judea that are in Christ. 23 They only were hearing it said, “He who used to persecute us is now preaching the faith he once tried to destroy.” 24 And they glorified God because of me. No where does he say he abandoned his observance of Torah or Judaism. What does it mean-look like to glorify God?
2 Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus along with me. 2 I went up because of a revelation and set before them (though privately before those who seemed influential) the gospel that I proclaim among the Gentiles, in order to make sure I was not running or had not run in vain. 3 But even Titus, who was with me, was not forced to be circumcised, though he was a Greek. 4 Yet because of false brothers secretly brought in—who slipped in to spy out our freedom These were men who claimed to be followers of Messiah but were false brothers. These were not true followers of Messiah that were trying to get them to undergo ritual circumcision. that we have in Christ Jesus, so that they might bring us into slavery— The slavery-bondage he is referring to is the Oral law or ritual conversion to Judaism under the 18 measures. 5 to them we did not yield in submission even for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you. 6 And from those who seemed to be influential (what they were makes no difference to me; God shows no partiality)—those, I say, who seemed influential added nothing to me. 7 On the contrary, when they saw that I had been entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised Gentiles, just as Peter had been entrusted with the gospel to the circumcised Jews 8 (for he who worked through Peter for his apostolic ministry to the circumcised worked also through me for mine to the Gentiles), 9 and when James and Cephas and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given to me, they gave the right hand of fellowship to Barnabas and me, that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. 10 Only, they asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do.
11 But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. 12 For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party. When there were not any Jews around he ate with Gentiles/Uncircumcised. But when men came from Jerusalem, fellow Jewish believers sent by James, he would not eat with any of the Gentile believers. 13 And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him others followed in Peters actions. so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. 14 But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?” Was Peter/Cephas one who was spreading this false gospel by his actions among the Gentiles? Was it not Peter who received the vision of the sheet and the interpretation that YHVH is no respecter of persons and peter should not call “unclean” what YHVH has pronounced “clean” .Acts 10:13-15,28
15 We ourselves are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners; 16 yet we Jews by birth know that a person is not justified by works of the law Remember this is referring to ritual conversion but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law not talking about the Torah of YHVH no one will be justified.
17 But if, in our endeavor to be justified in Christ, we too were found to be sinners, is Christ then a servant of sin? Certainly not! 18 For if I rebuild what I tore down, I prove myself to be a transgressor. 19 For through the law I died to the law, so that I might live to God. 20 I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. 21 I do not nullify the grace of God, for if righteousness were through the law ritual conversion-oral traditions, or the Torah of YHVH then Christ died for no purpose. Read Deut 6:25, Rom 2:12-15, 25-27, ch7:7-13,21-23 & 25 Salvation is always by faith through grace and not by any law – man’s or YHVH’s
3 O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you? It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified. 2 Let me ask you only this: Did you receive the Spirit by works of the law ritual conversion-oral traditions or by hearing with faith? 3 Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh undergoing circumcision for conversion to Judaism? 4 Did you suffer so many things in vain—if indeed it was in vain? 5 Does he who supplies the Spirit to you and works miracles among you do so by works of the law Oral tradition, or by hearing with faith— 6 just as Abraham “believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness”? Salvation has always come thru faith.
7 Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham. 8 And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” 9 So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.
10 For all who rely on works of the law ritual conversion-oral law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.” Did you hear that? You are cursed if you do not abide by/continue/remain in and do all the things written in the Book of the Law-this is the Torah that YHVH gave to Moses. Those relying on the works of the law were adding to and not following other parts in the Book of the Law. See Deut ch 27 11 Now it is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for “The righteous shall live by faith.” 12 But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.” 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law The curse of the Law is death. Sin is not hitting the mark of Torah. by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”— Romans 6:23 … the wages of sin – breaking God’s commands – is death 14 so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith. The gospel of Messiah to the Gentiles is that by faith we receive the Spirit of YHVH.
15 To give a human example, brothers: even with a man-made covenant, no one annuls it or adds to it once it has been ratified. 16 Now the promises were made to Abraham and to his offspring. It does not say, “And to offsprings,” referring to many, but referring to one, “And to your offspring,” who is Christ. 17 This is what I mean: the law, which came 430 years afterward, does not annul a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to make the promise void. 18 For if the inheritance comes by the law ritual conversion, it no longer comes by promise; but God gave it to Abraham by a promise. YHVH’s covenants do not replace each other, thy all run concurrently and build upon each other. Inheritance/Salvation comes by faith, not thru the Law-Torah. By faith we are grafted into the Covenant Community.
19 Why then the law-Torah of YHVH? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come to whom the promise had been made, and it was put in place through angels by an intermediary. 20 Now an intermediary implies more than one, but God is one. Man didn’t add ritual conversion because of transgression. YHVH gave Torah so man would understand transgression.
21 Is the law Torah of YHVH then contrary to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life, then righteousness would indeed be by the law Torah. 22 But the Scripture imprisoned everything under sin, so that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe. The Torah does not save anyone, was never meant to bring salvation or righteousness. It is instructions in holiness-a set apart life unto YHVH. It is how we can approach and stand before a Holy God.
23 Now before faith came, we were held captive under the law, imprisoned until the coming faith He in whom we should put our faith-Messiah would be revealed. 24 So then, the law was our guardian Pedagogue G3807- one who is a guardian who takes the student to his master. Imagine that Torah is the guardian that makes sure we get to the Master. Once we get to the Master the guardian is still a very necessary part of our life. The Torah directs us to the lessons and knowledge of the Master. We are constantly learning and need the Torah-our guardian to lead us back to our Master-Yeshua. With out Torah we would not have known Messiah, recognized him. until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith. 25 But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian, 26 for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. 27 For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. This is the mystery of the Gospel. We are one new man in Messiah. He did not intend for us to remain separate-Jew and Gentile. Gentiles were to be brought into the family of faith as Sons of Abraham. Not become a totally different religion-Christianity. 29 And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s offspring, heirs according to promise. The promises are for all-Jew and Gentile , we are all Abraham’s children.
4 I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave, though he is the owner of everything, 2 but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. 3 In the same way we also, when we were children Pagans, were enslaved to the elementary principles of the world The gods of Nature. 4 But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, 5 to redeem those who were under the law Jews, so that we Gentiles might receive adoption as sons. 6 And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” 7 So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then an heir through God.
8 Formerly, when you did not know God, you were enslaved to those that by nature are not gods Paganism. 9 But now that you have come to know God, or rather to be known by God This is a very important distinction. See Mt 7:23, how can you turn back again to the weak and worthless elementary principles of the world They are falling back into a works based religion, just as Paganism was, by undergoing ritual conversion, whose slaves you want to be once more? 10 You observe days and months and seasons and years! This is not referring to the Feast days and Sabbaths of YHVH. The commands of YHVH are not “weak and worthless”. Paul’s own testimony and life attest to that. He is referring to days apart from Torah or Pagan days. Are not Christmas, Easter and Sunday observances of days and months and seasons that are foreign to Torah? 11 I am afraid I may have labored over you in vain.
12 Brothers, I entreat you, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. You did me no wrong. 13 You know it was because of a bodily ailment that I preached the gospel to you at first, 14 and though my condition was a trial to you, you did not scorn or despise me, but received me as an angel of God, as Christ Jesus. 15 What then has become of the blessing you felt? For I testify to you that, if possible, you would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I then become your enemy by telling you the truth? 17 They make much of you, but for no good purpose. They want to shut you out that you may make much of them. The Jews were shutting out the Gentiles from the synagogue-from the congregation of believers- unless they underwent ritual conversion 18 It is always good to be made much of for a good purpose, and not only when I am present with you, 19 my little children, for whom I am again in the anguish of childbirth until Christ is formed in you! 20 I wish I could be present with you now and change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.
21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law go thru ritual conversion, do you not listen to the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by a slave woman and one by a free woman. 23 But the son of the slave was born according to the flesh Sarah sent Hagar to Abraham to have the promise of YHVH fulfilled in her way., while the son of the free woman was born through promise Sarah eventually giving birth to Isaac. 24 Now this may be interpreted allegorically as a parable: these women are two covenants covenant of faith by obedience and covenant of flesh by works. One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery Judaism in bondage to Oral traditions; she is Hagar Circumcision of flesh-ritual conversion. 25 Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia; she corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. 26 But the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written,
“Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear;
break forth and cry aloud, you who are not in labor!
For the children of the desolate one will be more
than those of the one who has a husband.”
28 Now you, brothers, like Isaac, are children of promise. 29 But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now/was with them. The Circumcision (Jews-flesh-faithless) was persecuting the Uncircumcision (Gentiles-Spirit-Faithful). 30 But what does the Scripture say? “Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” 31 So, brothers, we are not children of the slave Flesh but of the free Spirit woman.
5 For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery Ritual conversion-Oral Traditions-Paganism.
2 Look: I, Paul, say to you that if you accept circumcision Ritual conversion, Christ will be of no advantage to you. 3 I testify again to every man who accepts circumcision that he is obligated to keep the whole law The Oral Torah w/ the 18 measures as well as the Torah of YHVH. 4 You are severed from Christ, you who would be justified by the law Thru ritual conversion; you have fallen away from grace. 5 For through the Spirit, by faith, we ourselves eagerly wait for the hope of righteousness. 6 For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts for anything, but only faith working through love.
Here is a question: Does “not being under the law” mean we are able to sin? If we ignore the Law of YHVH we do not see what our sin is and we do not know we are sinning. See Rom 10:3
7 You were running well. Who hindered you from obeying the truth? 8 This persuasion is not from him who calls you. 9 A little leaven leavens the whole lump. 10 I have confidence in the Lord that you will take no other view than mine, and the one who is troubling you will bear the penalty, whoever he is. 11 But if I, brothers, still preach circumcision, why am I still being persecuted? In that case the offense of the cross has been removed. 12 I wish those who unsettle you would emasculate themselves!
13 For you were called to freedom means to not be under the yoke of the Oral Torah, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. 14 For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” Torah of YHVH tells us how to love one another and how to love YHVH 15 But if you bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another.
16 But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh. 17 For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do. 18 But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law. 19 Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, 20 idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, divisions, 21 envy, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. 22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law. 24 And those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.
25 If we live by the Spirit, let us also walk Derech-how you live out Torah in your everyday life by the Spirit. 26 Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.
6 Brothers, if anyone is caught in any transgression Transgression being a trespass-crossing a boundary, not a willfull breaking of Torah, you who are spiritual should restore him in a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest you too be tempted. 2 Bear one another’s burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ The Torah of YHVH. 3 For if anyone thinks he is something, when he is nothing, he deceives himself. 4 But let each one test his own work, and then his reason to boast will be in himself alone and not in his neighbor. 5 For each will have to bear his own load.
6 One who is taught the word must share all good things with the one who teaches. 7 Do not be deceived: God is not mocked, for whatever one sows, that will he also reap If we sow in sin we will reap death. If we sow in righteousness we will reap blessings. 8 For the one who sows to his own flesh will from the flesh reap corruption, but the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life. 9 And let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, if we do not give up. 10 So then, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to those who are of the household of faith.
11 See with what large letters I am writing to you with my own hand. 12 It is those who want to make a good showing in the flesh who would force you to be circumcised Ritual conversion, and only in order that they may not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. When they were circumcised they were considered Jewish and not persecuted by those who sought to convert the Gentile Believers 13 For even those who are circumcised do not themselves keep the law They have added and negated to The Torah of YHVH and thus have made it of no account in their eyes, because their traditions nullify the Word of God, but they desire to have you circumcised that they may boast in your flesh. 14 But far be it from me to boast except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world. 15 For neither circumcision counts for anything, nor uncircumcision, but a new creation. Those of the Circumcision were causing discord in the body of Believers, not unity that should come from the Spirit between Jew and Gentile. This is also stated that flesh is nothing, lineage is nothing, only faith like the faith of Abraham in Yeshua has value 16 And as for all who walk by this rule, peace and mercy be upon them, and upon the Israel of God.
17 From now on let no one cause me trouble, for I bear on my body the marks of Jesus.
18 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit, brothers. Amen.
Thank you to my dear friend, Julie, who has been close sister and best critic and editor for her additions and comments. I did not delineate whose comments are whose because they come from the same source- the Holy Spirit of YHVH.
